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MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 08520720     EISSN : 25023616     DOI : 10.30821
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Art,
Religion Arts Humanities
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman is a peer reviewed academic journal, established in 1976 as part of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan (see: video), dedicated to the publication of scholarly articles in various branches of Islamic Studies, by which exchanges of ideas as research findings and contemporary issues are facilitated. MIQOT is accredited as an academic journal by the Ministry of Education and Culture, Republic of Indonesia (SK Dirjen Dikti No. 040/P/2014) valid through February 2019. Miqot welcomes contributions of articles in such fields as Quranic Studies, Prophetic Traditions, Theology, Philosophy, Law and Economics, History, Education, Communication, Literature, Anthropology, Sociology, and Psychology.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 35, No 2 (2011)" : 12 Documents clear
GERAKAN PEMBAHARUAN PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA Suaidi Asyari
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.145

Abstract

Abstrak: Cepatnya perubahan yang terjadi di tengah kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan di era globalisasi ini seringkali tidak seimbang dengan upaya pembaharuan pemikiran di kalangan umat Islam. Tampaknya, hal ini disebabkan oleh keyakinan bahwa karya- karya pemikiran ulama masa lalu dianggap sakral, sudah menjawab setiap tantangan yang ada sepanjang sejarah umat Islam dan karena itu dianggap final. Karenanya, setiap upaya untuk mengkritisinya dianggap sebagai “makar akademis” dan pelakunya bahkan dapat dituduh murtad. Akhirnya, timbul kekhawatiran di kalangan praktisi akademis untuk melakukan pembaharuan yang berakibat pada stagnasi pemikiran. Tulisan ini adalah sebuah upaya untuk mendiskusikan problem-problem pembaruan pemikiran Islam di Indonesia lebih detail dan upaya-upaya solutif terhadap problem- problem tersebut.Abstract: Islamic Thought Reform Movement in Indonesia: From Part of Problem to be Part of Solution. The rapid development of social life in the era of globalization has often been run unparallel with the effort for thinking reform within the Muslim community. It appears that this may have arisen from the belief that the works of the past scholars of Islam are regarded to be sacred, capable of responding to any challenges in the span of the history of Muslim community and thus regarded final. Similarly, any attempt to criticize such views is seen as an academic assault the actor of whom may be accused of doing an act of apostasy. At the end, this lead to anxiety within the academicians to carry out reform that would have a logical consequence of thinking to be stagnant. This essay is an attemp to discuss the problems of Islamic thought reform in Indonesia in details as well as find solution to such problems.Kata Kunci: pembaharuan pemikiran Islam, Indonesia
FATWA OF THE COUNCIL OF THE INDONESIAN ULAMA ONGOLPUT(VOTE ABSTENTION): A Study of Contemporary Islamic Legal Thought in Indonesia, 2009 Bahrul Ulum
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.150

Abstract

Abstrak: Fatwa MUI Tentang Golput, Studi Pemikiran Hukum Islam di Indonesia, 2009. Isu tentang golput (golongan putih) merupakan fenomena baru dalam pemilihan umum di Indonesia yang banyak mengundang kontroversi. Sekalipun pemerintah telah meyakinkan untuk melaksanakan pemilihan umum yang aman, jujur dan adil, tampaknya golput mengarah pada sebuah gerakan yang dapat menggagalkan Pemilu 2009. Tulisan ini mengkaji fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tahun 2009 tentang pengharaman golput. Penulis mengemukakan bahwa fatwa ini telah mengundang kritikan dan mempertanyakan otoritas MUI. Sementara pihak yang medukung meng- anggap fatwa ini sebagai langkah cerdas dalam rangka meningkatkan peran serta pemilih sebagai sarana meningkatkan pembangunan bangsa. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa fatwa ini mencerminkan pergulatan pemikiran hukum Islam dengan konteks sosial- politik yang terus menjadi wacana sepanjang sejarah Islam di Indonesia.Abstract: The issue of vote abstention is a new phenomenon in Indonesia general election that appeals to controversy. Although the government has assured that the general election to be conducted fair, just and peacefull, it seemed that vote abstention tended to transform into a movement that would threaten the 2009 general election. This paper studies the fatwa of the Indonesian Council of Ulama (MUI) of 2009 on the prohibition of vote abstention. The author maintains that this fatwa has led to criticism and questioned the authority of MUI. Those who support, however, considered this fatwa as brilliant move to boost voters’ participant in improving the national development. The author concludes that this fatwa reflects the dynamics of Islamic legal thought in the socio-political context that would become a discourse in the Islamic history in Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Islamic law, fatwa, council of Indonesian ulama,democracy.
TELAAH SIGNIFIKANSI KONSEP MANUSIA MENURUT AL-GHAZÂLÎ M. Yasir Nasution
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.141

Abstract

Abstrak: Al-Ghazâlî lahir pada masa kejayaan pemikiran rasional Islam klasik abad ke-10. Setelah melakukan serangkaian petualangan intelektual—yang pada titik tertentu membawanya ke titik krisis mental—ia menjadi salah seorang pemikir multi disiplin yang berpengaruh sangat luas. Artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa pemikirannya tentang spiritualisme memiliki potensi besar untuk menjawab berbagai pertanyaan yang menghantui kehidupan manusia modern. Lebih khusus, penulis berpendapat bahwa manusia modern sangat membutuhkan teori al-Ghazâlî yang memadukan indera, akal, dan intuisi sebagai sumber pengetahuan yang absah. Teori ini dapat menyediakan dasar epistemologi yang kokoh sekaligus satu cara yang berimbang dalam melihat hidup manusia.Abstract: An Analysis of the Significance of al-Ghazâlî’s Concept of Men. Born at the heyday of Islamic classical rationalism of the tent century, and after going through series of intellectual adventures that at points bring him to mental breakdown, al-Ghazâlî established himself as an Islamic polymath of towering influence. The present article argues that his thought on spiritualism is of great potential in answering the many questions faced by modern man. More specifically, our present author is of the opinion that modern man is in dear need of al-Ghazâlî’s theory of integrating senses, reason, and intuition as equally legitimate sources of knowledge. This theory could provide not only a sound epistemological basis but also a balanced way of perceiving human life.Kata Kunci: Al-Ghazâlî, spiritualitas, epistemologi, manusia, tasawuf
EFEK GANDA PENGELOLAAN WAKAF UANG Rozalinda Rozalinda
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.146

Abstract

Abstrak: Selama ini pemanfaatan wakaf cenderung tidak produktif dan meng- abaikan kemungkinan potensi untuk kesejahteraan umum. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan perubahan dan implikasi yang timbul dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-undang Nomor 41 tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf. Penulis mengemukakan bahwa wakaf uang dapat ber- peran dalam menunjang proses pembangunan secara menyeluruh, baik pembangunan sumber daya manusia, maupun ekonomi dan sosial. Investasi wakaf uang dapat disalurkan untuk membantu biaya operasional lembaga-lembaga pendidikan, kese- hatan dan sosial. Di sinilah wakaf uang berperan sebagai salah satu sumber pendanaan alternatif untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan umat. Menurut penulis, introduksi Undang- Undang ini menjadi momentum pemberdayaan wakaf secara produktif.Abstract:TheMultiplier Effects of Currency Endowment Management. The employment of wakaf or endowment thus far tends to be unproductive disregarding the possibility of its potential for the public interest. This writing discusses changes and implication brought by the introduction of Regulation No. 41/2004 concerning Wakaf. The author maintains that currency endowment may function to supporting the process of development throroughly, both in human resources and social economy. Currency endowment investment may be distributed as a mean of assisting operational funding of educational, health and social institutions. It is on this that currency endowment plays the role as an alternative financial resource for the betterment of social prosperity. According to the author, the introduction of this regulation would become an avenue for empowering endowment productively.Kata Kunci: wakaf uang, ekonomi umat, UU No. 41/2004
ISLAM, ETNISITAS, DAN POLITIK IDENTITAS: Kasus Sunda Abdul Syukur
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.151

Abstract

Abstrak:Dalam kerangka pemikiran struktural-fungsional masyarakat digambarkan terdiri dari sejumlah struktur yang memiliki fungsi sendiri sehingga menciptakan equilibrium yang harmonis berdasarkan solidaritas sosial yang dibangun oleh nilai dan norma kolektif. Begitu pula masyarakat Sunda terikat oleh nilai budaya bersama yang diwariskan secara turun temurun. Mayoritas orang Sunda beragama Islam, yang mengindikasikan bahwa budaya masyarakat Sunda bersumber dari, atau sesuai dengan, nilai-nilai ajaran Islam, sehingga melahirkan ungkapan bahwa “Sunda adalah Islam.” Kenyataan adanya kelompok yang bukan Muslim tetapi mereka masih bagian dari dan mengaku sebagai orang Sunda menunjukkan keterbatasan model pemikiran di atas. Tulisan ini berupaya membahas wacana “Sunda adalah Islam” dengan meng- gunakan teori identitas sebagai suatu kategori etnik, problematika dan implikasi yang mungkin ditimbulkannya.Abstract:Islam, Ethnicity and the Politics of Identity: The Sundanese Case. In the framework of structural-functionalist thought, society is depicted to constitute from structures belonging to separate function that create harmonious equilibrium based on social solidarity founded in collective norms and values. Accordingly, the Sundanese community is also bound by their communal cultural values received through their ancestors. The majority of the Sundanese are Muslims which indicate that their social culture originates from, or in line with, the values of Islamic teachings that led to the expression that “Sunda is Islam”. The fact that there exist groups of Sundanese who are non-Muslim but they still belong to and convicted to be Sundanese show the shortcomings of the above-mentioned model of thought. This writing is an attempt to discuss “Sunadanese Is Islam” discourse by utilizing identity theory as an ethnic category, problems and implication that minght be drawn there in.Kata Kunci: antropologi, Sunda, Islam, etnisitas, politik identitas
MEMBANGUN TATANAN SOSIAL MELALUI MORALITAS PEMBUMIAN AJARAN TASAWUF Said Aqil Siradj
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.142

Abstract

Abstrak: Perkembangan dunia kontemporer memperlihatkan kecemasan global umat manusia. Dengan kemampuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, tidak jarang manusia Modern melakukan hal-hal yang membahayakan kemanusiaan secara umum. Islam, dengan pandangan batiniahnya, menempatkan manusia sebagai makhluk Ilahiyah yang memiliki fungsi menjelmakan cahaya Ketuhanan di dalam kehidupan. Tulisan ini berusaha memperlihatkan bahwa pembumian ajaran-ajaran sufistik merupakan langkah signifikan dalam mengarahkan tatanan kehidupan dunia yang ramah, anggun dan penuh rahmat bagi sekalian alam. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa bertasawuf pada hakikatnya adalah aktivitas berupa kesadaran manusia yang paling dalam tentang hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan, lingkungan dan sesamanya, yang terilhami oleh kualitas asmâ‘ dan shifat Allah dan kemudian terwujud dalam perilaku sosialnya. Abstract: Developing Social Order through the Morality of the Application of Tasawuf Teachings. The rapid development of contemporary world results in global anxiety of humankind. With the prosperity of scince and technology, modern man has often performed actions that are against humanity in general. Islam with its esoteric perspective places man as godly creature functioning to existentiate the light of the Divine in life. In this writing is it is attempted to show that the application of sufistic teachings is a significant step in directing a friendly and peaceful life of the world order, merciful of God necessary for the whole creatures. The author concludes that in reality, applying tasawuf is an activity that reflect man’s deep consciousness of his relationship with God, the environment and his fellow man inspired by the quality of the names and character of God which are then persevered in the social activities.Kata Kunci: tasawuf,‘irfani, moralitas,dzawq
DILEMA SKIM MURÂBAHAH PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH Syukri Iska
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.147

Abstract

Abstrak: Kesemarakan pertumbuhan perbankan syariah terutama di negara- negara Muslim pada beberapa dekade terakhir tidak dapat dipungkiri. Namun di balik pertumbuhan tersebut bank syariah sering dikritik hanya sekadar ganti “baju” dengan klaim bahwa bank ini mengambil beberapa konsep dari dari bank konvensional kemudian menggantikannya dengan idiom-idiom yang ada pada fiqih muâmalah. Tulisan ini memaparkan penjelasan terhadap pertanyaan tentang keberadaan bank syariah dengan merujuk pada skimmurâbahah, bagaimana perasaan dan perbedaan antara kedua sistem Islam dan konvensional, serta implikasi sistem perbankan Islam dalam transaksi ekonomi yang menyeluruh. Penulis berargumen bahwa kendati skimmurâbahah bukan merupakan instrumen ideal untuk mencapai tujuan riil ekonomi Islam, skimmurâbahah ini ternyata mengandung banyak persoalan, terutama kalau dilihat dalam perspektif syariah secara puristik ataupun menurut paradigma tentang bank.Abstract: The Dilemma of Murabahah Skim in Shari‘a Banks. The flourishing development of Shari‘a Banks especially in Islamic countries for the last few decades are undeniable. However, despite such tremendous development it has often been criticized for being only changing suit claiming that it has taken some conventional system concepts which are then modified in acoordance with idioms found in Islamic jurisprudence discourse. This paper then sheds some lights on some questions of the existence of Shari‘a Banks with specific reference to murâbahah skim, how the two system similar to or different from each other, as well as the implication of the Islamic banking system in the general economic transaction. The author argues that although the murâbahah skim is not an ideal instrument in achieving the real objective of Islamic economy, its domination as an important skim, however, seems to be in dilemmatic position between the pragmatic demands of the need of pure Shari‘a laws as a genuine reference and the role of banks should fulfil.Kata Kunci: perbankan syariah,murâbahah, ekonomi Islam
PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENTS FOR BODILY RESURRECTION: Reconsidering Mullâ Shadrâ’s Eschatological Thought Saleh P. Daulay
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.143

Abstract

Abstrak: Argumen Filosofis Kebangkitan Jasmani: Mengkaji Ulang Pemikiran Eskatologi Mullâ Shadrâ. Selain meneliti tentang makna kematian, hakikat ruh, bukti adanya kehidupan setelah mati, eskatologi juga mengkaji tentang kebangkitan ruh dan jasmani. Berkenaan dengan ruh, hampir seluruh filosof Muslim menyepakati tentang adanya kebangkitan ruh. Sementara terkait dengan jasmani, sebagian filosof mengatakan akan dibangkitkan dan sebagian yang lain berpendapat tidak mungkin dibangkitkan. Berbeda dengan para filosof essensialis sebelumnya, Mullâ Shadrâ yang menganut aliran eksistensialis menyatakan bahwa sebagaimana ruh, jasmani manusia pun akan ikut dibangkitkan di hari kemudian. Shadrâ berargumen melalui pendekatan filsafat eksistensialis yang bertumpu pada prinsip harakah al- jauhariyah (trans-substantial motion). Melalui pendekatan ini, Shadrâ berhasil mem- buktikan secara filosofis tentang keharusan kebangkitan ruh dan jasmani secara bersamaan di hari kemudian.Abstract: Apart from investigating the meaning of death, reality of soul, proof of life after death, eschatology also studies the sole bodily resurrection. With regard to soul, almost all Muslim philosophers agree on soul resurrection, but they differ however, as far as the body is concerned. Different to the previous essensialists philosophers, Mullâ Shadrâ who adhered to existentialist school argued that as the case of soul, man’s body itsel would be similarly resurrected in the hereafter. Shadrâ supported his argument by existensialist philosophy approach leaned on the principle of trans-substantial motion. Through this approach, Shadrâ succeeded philosophically in proofing the necessity ofsouland bodily resurrection simultaneously in the hereafter.Key Words: eschatology, soul, body,mabda‘, ma‘ad, resurrection
PENYELESAIAN KASUS PELANGGARAN HAM PADA MASA RASULULLAH SAW. Ikhwan Ikhwan
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.148

Abstract

Abstrak: Salah satu prinsip dasar ajaran Islam adalah penghargaan terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) yang meliputi penghargaan terhadap agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta. Pada masa Nabi SAW . sendiri penegakan terhadap pelanggaran ini dapat menjadi inspirasi bagi penegakan HAM pada masa sekarang. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis membahas tentang pengadilan HAM di dalam sistem peradilan Islam dan meng- identifikasi bentuk dan mekanisme penyelesaian kasus-kasus pelanggaran HAM. Penulis menemukan bahwa penyelesaian kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dilaksanakan dengan tiga metode. Pertama, metode berperkara biasa di pengadilan yang diakhiri dengan keputusan hakim. Kedua, metode berperkara biasa di pengadilan yang diakhiri dengan ishlâh (perdamaian). Ketiga, metode pengungkapan kebenaran dan rekonsiliasi para pihak, tanpa melalui proses berperkara di pengadilan.Abstract: The Settlement of Human Right Violation Case in the Time of Prophet pbh. One of the basic principles of Islamic Teachings is the serious concern on the protection of human rights which include safeguarding religion, life, intellect, descendants and possessions. Human right violence law enforcement during the time of the Prophet may become a source of inspiration for the current problems. In this essay the author discusses human rigth court of justice in Islamic system of judicature and identify the form and mechanism of cases of human right violence settlements. The author finds that dispute settlements are carried out as in the normal litigation by bringing the case to the court which then followed by either decision by the judge or reconciliation. In addition, it may also be settled by reconciliation of the parties without filing the case to the court.Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, pelanggaran HAM, Rasulullah SAW.
HERMENEUTIKA FAZLUR RAHMAN: Upaya Membangun Harmoni Teologi, Etika, dan Hukum Syamruddin Syamruddin
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 35, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v35i2.144

Abstract

Abstrak: Tulisan ini mencoba mendiskusikan teori hermeneutika yang ditawarkan oleh Fazlur Rahman mencakup kritik Rahman terhadap teori sebelumnya, baik tradisional maupun kontemporer. Penulis menemukan bahwa Rahman menekankan pentingnya memahami al-Qur’an sebagai keseluruhan dan menjadi satu kesatuan yang utuh. Rahman juga membedakan antara hukum umum (prinsip) dan hukum temporal, dan menekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan konteks untuk memahami al-Qur’an secara tepat. Penulis berargumen bahwa tujuan akhir teori Rahman adalah untuk membangun harmonisasi tiga aspek ajaran Islam dalam ranah hukum, etika dan hukum yang harus saling mendukung antara satu sama lain, yang didasarkan pada tiga prinsip dasar tatanan hubungan manusia yakni egalitarianisme, keadilan dan konsultasi mutual.Abstract:Fazlur Rahman’s Hermeneutics: An effort to Build Harmony Between Theology, Ethics and Law.This paper attempts to discuss the hermeneutical theory proposed by Fazlur Rahman. It includes therefore the discussion of Rahman’s critique on the existing theories both traditional and contemporary ones. The author finds that Rahman emphasizes the importance of understanding al-Qur’anintegrally as a single whole. He also distinguishes between general laws and temporary laws as well as stresses the importance of considering context to understanding al-Qur’an correctly. The author argues that the ultimate purpose of the theory is to build a harmony among three aspects of Islamic teaching: law, ethics, and theology, each of which has to support one another. In addition, there are three principles on which laws on human relation have to be built, namely egalitarianism, justice, and mutual consultation.Kata Kunci: Al-Qur’an, hermeneutika, Fazlur Rahman, penafsiran

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